What does "excessive force" refer to in law enforcement?

"Excessive force" in law enforcement specifically refers to the use of force that surpasses the level necessary to achieve a lawful objective. This concept is critical in determining the appropriateness of a police officer's actions during an encounter. The legal and ethical standards governing law enforcement require officers to use only the minimum amount of force necessary to de-escalate a situation or affect an arrest.

In practice, this means that if an officer applies more force than what a reasonable person would consider necessary under the circumstances, that action may be classified as excessive. Such a determination often hinges on the context of the encounter, including the behavior of the subject and the totality of the circumstances surrounding the event. The aim is to balance the need for effective law enforcement with the rights and dignity of individuals involved. This concept is foundational in understanding the legal constraints and public expectations placed on police use of force.